1. Which of the following is an approved sterilant?
a. chlorhexidine
b. betadyne
*c. ethylene oxide
d.ethyl alcohol

2. High temperatures__________ and low temperatures___________.
a. sterilize, disinfect
*b. kills cells, inhibit cell growth
c. denature proteins, burst cells
d. speed up metabolism, slow down metabolism

3. Sanitation is a process by which...
*a. the microbial load on objects is reduced
b. objects are made sterile with chemicals
c. utensils are scrubbed
d. skin is debrided

4. Silver nitrate is used...
*a. in antisepsis of burns
b. as a mouthwash
c. to treat genital gonorrhea
d. to disinfect water

5. Detergents are...
a. high-level germicides
*b. low-level germicides
c. excellent antiseptics
d. used in disinfecting surgical instruments

6. The temperature-pressure combination for an autoclave is...
a. 100 degrees C and 4 psi
*b. 121 degrees C and 15 psi
c. 131 degrees C and 9 psi
d. 115 degrees C and 3 psi

7. A chemical with sporicidal properties is...
a. phenol
b. alcohol
c. quaternary ammonium compound
*d. glutaraldehyde

8. An example of an agent that lowers the surface tension of cells is a...
a. phenol
b. chlorine
*c. alcohol
d. formalin

9. Which type of radiation kills cells only with direct contact?
a. gamma rays
b. Xrays
*c. nonionizing radiation
d. cathode rays

10. What denatures proteins and is in some disinfectants and antiseptics?
a. phenolics
*b. halogens
c. alcohols
d. detergents


11. Which of these is more mild and less toxic?
*a. chlorhexidines
b. alcohols
c. halogens
d. phenolics

12. Cattle become infected with ___________ and it causes a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. It has been linked to Crohns Disease as well.
*a. Mycobacterium paratuberculosis
b. Neisseria
c. Psuedomonas
d. Staphylococcus

13. UV light creates thymine phyrimidines which interferes with ___________.
a. glucose production
b. sodium potassium pumps
*c. replication
d. Krebs Cycle

14. How are the actions of phenols and alcohols similar as agents that kill microbes?
*a. both denature proteins
b. both oxidize DNA
c. both inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
d. all of the above

15. Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls?
a. naked virus
b. protozoan cysts
c. fungal spores
*d. bacterial endospores