1. Which of the following is not found in all bacterial cells?
a. cell membrane
b. a nucleoid
c. ribosomes
*d. capsule

2. The major locomotor structures in bacteria are_____________.
*a. flagella
b. pili
c. fimbriae
d. cilia

3. Thanks to this structure of a procaryote cell (most of the time E.coli) it is very easy to get bladder infections
a. pili
b. cell wall
c. flagella
*d. fimbriae
e. none of the above


4. What is the quickest easiest way to see if a cell has a flagella?
a. an electron microscope
*b. use a hanging drop slide
c. acid-fast stain
d. gram stain
e. all the above work just as fast

5. Bacterial endospores functions in
a. reproduction
*b. survival
c. protein synthesis
d. storage

6. The movement of a cell in the direction of a favorable chemical stimulus is called
a. positive attraction
b. positive magnetism
*c. positive chemotaxis
d. positive gravitation

7. Which of the following is true:
*a. A capsule is highly organized
b. Glycocalyces are the same in thickness among bacteria
c. A slime layer is not soluble and highly organized
d. Glycocalyx is connected to the cell membrane

8. A plasmid is which of the following
a. a component of blood.
*b. is a double-stranded DNA.
c. part of a the cell wall.
d. is a lipid structure of cell wall.

9. Which type of bacteria have a lipopolysaccharide outermembrane, periplasmic spaces, petidoglycan and a cell membrane?
*a. gram negative
b. gram positive

10. What are some charastics of plasmids?
a. They are transferred by conjugation.
b. They are essential to bacterial growth.
c. They pass on traits such as drug resistance.
d. They are hard to manipulate in the laboratory.
*e. Both a & c

11. Why are gram negative harder to kill?
a. The outer barrier makes them more impervious to antimicrobic chemicals like disinfectants.
b. The cell wall can interact with human tissues & contribute to disease.
c. The lipids in the outer membrane are endotoxins and can stimulate fever and shock reactions.
*d. all of the above.

12. An example of a glycocalyx is
*a. a capsule
b. pili
c. outer membrane
d. a cell wall

13, Pili are only found on what type of organisms?
a. Spirochetes
b. Fungi
c. Encapsulated organisms
*d. Gram negatives
e. Gram positives