1. True or False: Heterotrophs get their energy from sunlight and simple inorganic chemicals.

False. Heterotrophs get their energy from organic compounds

2. A pathogen would most accurately be described as a?
*a. parasite
b. commensal
c. saprobe
d. symbiont

#2 Optional answers
a. virus
b. bacterium
c. fungus
d. protozoan
*e. all of the above


3. All of these are influential to microbes except________.
a. temperature
b. oxygen regulation
c. osmotic pressure
d. b & c
*e. all of the above


4. Extremophiles are most commonly what type of microorganism?
a. Algae
b. Protozoa
c. Yeasts
*d. Archaea
e. Molds


5. Substances required by living organisms in relatively large quantities and which play principle roles in cell structure and metabolism are known as what?
a. Nutrients
*b. Macronutrients
c. Micronutrients
e. Trace elements
f. Reservoirs


6. Nitrogen is required for the production of what category of molecules?
a. Fatty acids
b. Phospholipids
*c. Nucleotides
d. Carbohydrates
e. Cellulose

7. Sugars can be transported into cells against their concentration gradient because of
a. osmosis
b. simple diffusion
c. facilitated diffusion
d. antiport with Na+
*e. symport with Na+

8. Most bacteria grow between pH _______ and _________.
a. 1- 2
b. 5- 6
c. 5.5-6.6
*d. 6.5-7.5

9. Molds and yeasts grow between pH ______ and ________
a. 6.5-7.5
b. 5.5- 6.5
*c. 5-6
d. 6-7

10. Nitrogen can be absorbed in the cell as
a. NO3-
b. N2
c. NO2-
*d. NH3

11. What is a form of active transport?
*a. protein pumps
b. facilitated diffusion
c. osmosis
d. carrier proteins

12. What is the term for organisms when one member provides nutritional or protective factors?
a. Mutualism
b. commensalism
*c. satellitism
d. parasitism

10. The main determinants of a microbes nutritional type are sources of what?
a. oxygen
b. oxygen and carbon
*c. carbon and energy
d. nitrogen and carbon
e. all the above

11. What is not true about photoautotrophs?
a. they are photosynthetic
b. they convert inorganic carbon (CO2) into organic molecules that can be used be themselves and heterotrophs
*c. they produce methane (CH4) from hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide
d. They capture the energy of light rays and transform it into chemical energy.
e. all of them are true

12. What is not true about parasites?
1. they live in or on the body of the host, which they harm to some degree
*2. The more successful parasites strive for fatal effects
3. they cause damage to tissue (disease) or even death
4. Intracellular parasites are the most extreme

13. In order to be an organic molecule you must have
A. Carbon
B. Nitrogen
C. Hydrogen
* D. both carbon and Hydrogen

14. What type of organism could grow and thrive in South pole at zero degrees Celsius?
a. Mesophiles
*b. Psychrophiles
c.Thermophiles
d. both A and B

15. Autotrophs are:
a. an organism that obtains it;s carbon from other living things.
*b. obtain carbon from CO2 (carbon gas)

c. obtain carbon from the sunlight.
d. obtain carbon from the exaust of an old car.

16. A halophile thrives
a. in a lysis solution
b. in a hypotonic solution
c. in a 0.9% NA solution
*d. in a hypertonic solution